3步杀:牵制,f7
li-02Vx1战术主题
三步将杀:一段以将杀收尾的强制着法。
牵制:棋子一动,身后更有价值的目标就会暴露。
难度1240 ShuffleRating——俱乐部棋手水平。
白方走棋——找出最佳续着
How to recognize this tactic
In a mate in three every move must be forcing; the defender should never get a free tempo. Find the check or threat that herds the king, calculate the single defence to each, and confirm the net closes on the third move.
A pin freezes a piece in front of a more valuable one behind it. Scan the ranks, files and diagonals your bishop, rook or queen controls: if an enemy piece cannot move without exposing its king or queen, it is pinned and can be piled on or bypassed.
General method: before you move, list the forcing candidates — every check, every capture, every direct threat — and calculate those first. The solution to a tactic is almost always among them.
棋盘上的局面
白方:王 g2, 后 h4, 车 a1 f1, 马 e5, 兵 b3 c3 h3 e4 g5 f6。
黑方:王 g8, 后 e3, 车 a8 d8, 象 b7 f8, 兵 d3 b5 a6 g6 h7。
棋盘上有11枚白棋和11枚黑棋;该题局面出现在第31回合之后。
The position in numbers
Black are ahead by 2 points of material (28 against 30; pawn = 1, knight and bishop = 3, rook = 5, queen = 9) — the tactic has to convert or outweigh that.
The white king stands on g2, the black king on g8.
It is White to move on move 31, with 40 legal replies to weigh — only the line that keeps the advantage solves the puzzle.
White keeps 6 pawns, Black 5. No file is fully open, so the heavy pieces have to be pried in. Half-open for White: a, d.
Black hold the bishop pair, an edge in open lines. The White king has 2 empty squares to step to right now — the fewer they are, the closer a mating net.
解答与讲解
主要变着
31. f7+ Kh8 32. Nxg6+ Kg7 33. Qh6#
为何奏效
- 好棋!兵到f7保持压力(#2)。
- 好棋!马到g6保持压力(#1)。
- 好棋!后到h6保持压力(#)。
- 该变着以3步强制将杀结束。
- 若改走Kh8,则Nxg6+,你仍占优。
Move by move
- 31. f7+ — 兵 to f7 with check
- Kh8 — 王 to h8
- 32. Nxg6+ — 马 to g6 (capture) with check
- Kg7 — 王 to g7
- 33. Qh6# — 后 to h6 and it is checkmate
本题的题型
护卫后杀
皇后贴脸将杀,身后有自己人保护。
有保护的贴身后杀是最常见的将杀图案:后紧贴国王落子,因为有己方棋子或兵保护而成杀。国王无处可逃:吃后不行——那格有保护,而周围所有格子后亲自看管。寻找敌王旁边受保护的格子:有马、象或兵控制它,后的登陆就成了将杀。只需核实一件事:那个格子真有保护,否则国王会直接吃掉后。
三步杀
三步之内的强制将杀。
三步杀是一道强制的阶梯:你的每一步都收窄对手的选择,第三步画上句号。到将军和弃子中寻找开局之着:杀题里安静的首着虽少见,却格外阴险。脑中要有变化树:每种防守对应自己的分支。别在第二步就停下——最终的将杀图景必须亲眼算到。
绝对牵制
一个子被牵制在王前——按规则它根本不能动。
绝对牵制:一个棋子被冻结在自己国王与你的远程棋子之间的直线上——按规则它根本不许移动。特征是三个单位排在一条直线上:你的象、车或后,敌方棋子,以及它身后的敌方国王。被牵制的棋子既不能进攻也不能防守,就当它不在棋盘上。放心地再次攻击它,最好用兵——它无权逃跑。
来源
源自 Lichess 题库(CC0)。
经 Stockfish 深度 20+ 验证。
解法强制性已确认(verified)。
题包 008
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