吃掉无保护的车(h5)
li-01tei战术主题
悬子:对方有棋子无人保护——吃掉它。
解救棋子:你的棋子正受攻击——找到最佳解救方法。
难度2303 ShuffleRating——专家水平——很少有人一次解出。
黑方走棋——找出最佳续着
How to recognize this tactic
A hanging piece is one that is attacked and not defended, or defended too few times. Count attackers against defenders on each enemy unit; where attackers win, take it — often with an in-between move or a check to gain the extra tempo.
Here the task is defensive: one of your pieces is under attack and must be rescued without losing more. Look for a move that saves it with tempo — a counter-check, an equal counter-attack or an interposition — rather than a passive retreat.
General method: before you move, list the forcing candidates — every check, every capture, every direct threat — and calculate those first. The solution to a tactic is almost always among them.
棋盘上的局面
白方:王 g3, 车 h5, 兵 f6。
黑方:王 b5, 车 c5。
棋盘上有3枚白棋和2枚黑棋;该题局面出现在第52回合之后。
The position in numbers
White are ahead by 1 points of material (6 against 5; pawn = 1, knight and bishop = 3, rook = 5, queen = 9) — the tactic has to convert or outweigh that.
The white king stands on g3, the black king on b5.
It is Black to move on move 52, with 12 legal replies to weigh — only the line that keeps the advantage solves the puzzle.
White keeps 1 pawns, Black 0. Files fully open (no pawns of either colour): a, b, c, d, e, g, h — natural highways for the rooks and queen. Half-open for Black: f.
The Black king has 7 empty squares to step to right now — the fewer they are, the closer a mating net.
解答与讲解
主要变着
52... Rxh5 53. Kg4 Rh8 54. Kf5 Kc6
为何奏效
- 好棋!车到h5保持压力(+4.4)。
- 好棋!车到h8保持压力(+6.5)。
- 好棋!王到c6保持压力(+7.4)。
- 你赢得一子——车。
- 若改走Kg4,则Rh8,你赢得车。
Move by move
- 52… Rxh5 — 车 to h5 (capture)
- 53. Kg4 — 王 to g4
- Rh8 — 车 to h8
- 54. Kf5 — 王 to f5
- Kc6 — 王 to c6
本题的题型
制胜一击
找到那记强制得子的妙击。
制胜一击:强制赢得子力,却不归入任何单一的教科书主题。通用的战术配方在此适用:找出无保护的棋子、站位别扭的国王、超载的线路。按力度顺序枚举强制着法:将军、吃子、威胁——绝大多数组合正是从其中之一开始。不要凭感觉评估:把具体变化算到结果确凿无疑为止。
唯一着法
其他任何一步都会输——找到唯一撑得住的那一步。
唯一着法:除了独一无二的那步棋,其余全输的局面。这里不能「顺手」下棋:把原则上不同的防守都过一遍——逃跑、垫挡、兑换、反击——再淘汰被驳倒的。这类题目的标志:显而易见的着法很快就输,而正解常常看起来古怪。先弄清威胁你的究竟是什么——那步唯一的防守自会现身。
车残局
最常见的残局——一切取决于子力的活跃度。
车残局是实战中最常见的残局:盘上是车和兵。第一法则是积极性:站在通路兵身后的车,胜过消极守兵的车。正确计划的标志——你的车在攻击什么,而不是在看守什么。错误做法是把车锁死在护兵岗位上:常常宁可丢一兵,也要保住活跃的车和活跃的王。
来源
源自 Lichess 题库(CC0)。
题包 015
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