牵制:兵到h6 (h5)
li-09Xtz命名标签 (格·N)战术主题
牵制:棋子一动,身后更有价值的目标就会暴露。
解救棋子:你的棋子正受攻击——找到最佳解救方法。
难度2392 ShuffleRating——专家水平——很少有人一次解出。
白方走棋——找出最佳续着
How to recognize this tactic
A pin freezes a piece in front of a more valuable one behind it. Scan the ranks, files and diagonals your bishop, rook or queen controls: if an enemy piece cannot move without exposing its king or queen, it is pinned and can be piled on or bypassed.
Here the task is defensive: one of your pieces is under attack and must be rescued without losing more. Look for a move that saves it with tempo — a counter-check, an equal counter-attack or an interposition — rather than a passive retreat.
General method: before you move, list the forcing candidates — every check, every capture, every direct threat — and calculate those first. The solution to a tactic is almost always among them.
棋盘上的局面
白方:王 h2, 后 f6, 车 g2, 兵 a2 f2 b4 h5。
黑方:王 g8, 后 b5, 车 d5 f8, 兵 c3 g5 a7 f7。
棋盘上有7枚白棋和8枚黑棋;该题局面出现在第42回合之后。
The position in numbers
Black are ahead by 5 points of material (18 against 23; pawn = 1, knight and bishop = 3, rook = 5, queen = 9) — the tactic has to convert or outweigh that.
The white king stands on h2, the black king on g8.
It is White to move on move 42, with 32 legal replies to weigh — only the line that keeps the advantage solves the puzzle.
White keeps 4 pawns, Black 4. Files fully open (no pawns of either colour): d, e — natural highways for the rooks and queen. Half-open for White: c, g.
The White king has 4 empty squares to step to right now — the fewer they are, the closer a mating net.
解答与讲解
主要变着
42. h6 Qb8+ 43. f4 Qxf4+ 44. Qxf4
为何奏效
- 好棋!兵到h6保持压力(+5.8)。
- 好棋!兵到f4保持压力(+5.8)。
- 好棋!后到f4保持压力(+6.0)。
- 你赢得一子——后。
- 若改走Qb8+,则f4,你仍占优。
Move by move
- 42. h6 — 兵 to h6
- Qb8+ — 后 to b8 with check
- 43. f4 — 兵 to f4
- Qxf4+ — 后 to f4 (capture) with check
- 44. Qxf4 — 后 to f4 (capture)
本题的题型
绝对牵制
一个子被牵制在王前——按规则它根本不能动。
绝对牵制:一个棋子被冻结在自己国王与你的远程棋子之间的直线上——按规则它根本不许移动。特征是三个单位排在一条直线上:你的象、车或后,敌方棋子,以及它身后的敌方国王。被牵制的棋子既不能进攻也不能防守,就当它不在棋盘上。放心地再次攻击它,最好用兵——它无权逃跑。
唯一着法
其他任何一步都会输——找到唯一撑得住的那一步。
唯一着法:除了独一无二的那步棋,其余全输的局面。这里不能「顺手」下棋:把原则上不同的防守都过一遍——逃跑、垫挡、兑换、反击——再淘汰被驳倒的。这类题目的标志:显而易见的着法很快就输,而正解常常看起来古怪。先弄清威胁你的究竟是什么——那步唯一的防守自会现身。
救子
被攻击的子不但能救,还能顺手赚一笔。
救子:你的棋子被攻击,任务是别白白送掉它。办法有几种:带节奏地撤退、加以保护、垫挡攻击,或制造更凶的对攻威胁。机械后撤之前,先找带反击的撤退——既救了子又赚了时间。典型错误是惊慌失措逃到随便一个格子,结果棋子又被抓住。
来源
源自 Lichess 题库(CC0)。
题包 015
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