牵制：王到c7
li-0FXzZ战术主题
牵制：棋子一动，身后更有价值的目标就会暴露。
解救棋子：你的棋子正受攻击——找到最佳解救方法。
困子：对方棋子无处可逃——抓住它。
难度2077 ShuffleRating——专家水平——很少有人一次解出。
黑方走棋——找出最佳续着
How to recognize this tactic
A pin freezes a piece in front of a more valuable one behind it. Scan the ranks, files and diagonals your bishop, rook or queen controls: if an enemy piece cannot move without exposing its king or queen, it is pinned and can be piled on or bypassed.
Here the task is defensive: one of your pieces is under attack and must be rescued without losing more. Look for a move that saves it with tempo — a counter-check, an equal counter-attack or an interposition — rather than a passive retreat.
A trapped piece has no safe square. Spot an enemy piece that has wandered offside or been hemmed in, then play the move that takes away its last escape and wins it — often a quiet pawn push or a covering minor piece.
General method: before you move, list the forcing candidates — every check, every capture, every direct threat — and calculate those first. The solution to a tactic is almost always among them.
棋盘上的局面
白方：王 g1, 后 a8, 车 a1 e1, 马 c3, 兵 a2 b2 c2 f2 g2 d4。
黑方：王 d8, 后 g5, 车 h8, 象 h3 f8, 马 c6, 兵 e6 h6 a7。
棋盘上有11枚白棋和9枚黑棋；该题局面出现在第17回合之后。
The position in numbers
White are ahead by 2 points of material (28 against 26; pawn = 1, knight and bishop = 3, rook = 5, queen = 9) — the tactic has to convert or outweigh that.
The white king stands on g1, the black king on d8.
It is Black to move on move 17, with 4 legal replies to weigh — only the line that keeps the advantage solves the puzzle. Black are in check right now, so every reply must answer the check.
White keeps 6 pawns, Black 3. No file is fully open, so the heavy pieces have to be pried in. Half-open for Black: b, c, d, f, g.
Black hold the bishop pair, an edge in open lines. The Black king has 3 empty squares to step to right now — the fewer they are, the closer a mating net.
解答与讲解
主要变着
17... Kc7 18. g3 Bg7 19. Qxc6+ Kxc6
为何奏效
- 好棋！王到c7保持压力（+3.9）。
- 好棋！象到g7保持压力（+4.6）。
- 好棋！王到c6保持压力（+4.9）。
- 你赢得一子——后。
- 若改走g3，则Bg7，你仍占优。
Move by move
- 17… Kc7 — 王 to c7
- 18. g3 — 兵 to g3
- Bg7 — 象 to g7
- 19. Qxc6+ — 后 to c6 (capture) with check
- Kxc6 — 王 to c6 (capture)
本题的题型
闪击
一个子闪开，让后面的子发起第二重攻击。
闪击就像拉开幕布：一个棋子离开直线，露出身后的远程棋子发动打击。妙处在于，走开的那个棋子自己还能攻击第二个目标——一步棋，两记重拳。检查你的叠置组合：马或兵的身后站着象或车，透过它们瞄准对方值钱的东西。前面的棋子要跳到最有攻击性的格子——没有第二威胁的闪击损失一半威力。
唯一着法
其他任何一步都会输——找到唯一撑得住的那一步。
唯一着法：除了独一无二的那步棋，其余全输的局面。这里不能「顺手」下棋：把原则上不同的防守都过一遍——逃跑、垫挡、兑换、反击——再淘汰被驳倒的。这类题目的标志：显而易见的着法很快就输，而正解常常看起来古怪。先弄清威胁你的究竟是什么——那步唯一的防守自会现身。
救子
被攻击的子不但能救，还能顺手赚一笔。
救子：你的棋子被攻击，任务是别白白送掉它。办法有几种：带节奏地撤退、加以保护、垫挡攻击，或制造更凶的对攻威胁。机械后撤之前，先找带反击的撤退——既救了子又赚了时间。典型错误是惊慌失措逃到随便一个格子，结果棋子又被抓住。
来源
源自 Lichess 题库（CC0）。
题包 015
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