吃掉无保护的车(f2)
li-035Fa战术主题
悬子:对方有棋子无人保护——吃掉它。
解救棋子:你的棋子正受攻击——找到最佳解救方法。
难度1735 ShuffleRating——适合进阶战术爱好者。
黑方走棋——找出最佳续着
How to recognize this tactic
A hanging piece is one that is attacked and not defended, or defended too few times. Count attackers against defenders on each enemy unit; where attackers win, take it — often with an in-between move or a check to gain the extra tempo.
Here the task is defensive: one of your pieces is under attack and must be rescued without losing more. Look for a move that saves it with tempo — a counter-check, an equal counter-attack or an interposition — rather than a passive retreat.
General method: before you move, list the forcing candidates — every check, every capture, every direct threat — and calculate those first. The solution to a tactic is almost always among them.
棋盘上的局面
白方:王 e4, 车 f2, 兵 a4 c7。
黑方:王 f6, 车 c2, 兵 g2 a5。
棋盘上有4枚白棋和4枚黑棋;该题局面出现在第38回合之后。
The position in numbers
Material is level — 7 points of pieces on each side (pawn = 1, knight and bishop = 3, rook = 5, queen = 9).
The white king stands on e4, the black king on f6.
It is Black to move on move 38, with 6 legal replies to weigh — only the line that keeps the advantage solves the puzzle. Black are in check right now, so every reply must answer the check.
White keeps 2 pawns, Black 2. Files fully open (no pawns of either colour): b, d, e, f, h — natural highways for the rooks and queen. Half-open for Black: c.
The Black king has 5 empty squares to step to right now — the fewer they are, the closer a mating net.
解答与讲解
主要变着
38... Rxf2 39. c8=Q g1=Q 40. Qf8+ Ke6
为何奏效
- 好棋!车到f2保持压力(+3.7)。
- 好棋!兵到g1保持压力(+4.2)。
- 好棋!王到e6保持压力(+4.3)。
- 你赢得一子——车。
- 若改走c8=Q,则g1=Q,你赢得车。
Move by move
- 38… Rxf2 — 车 to f2 (capture)
- 39. c8=Q — 兵 to c8
- g1=Q — 兵 to g1
- 40. Qf8+ — 后 to f8 with check
- Ke6 — 王 to e6
本题的题型
闪击
一个子闪开,让后面的子发起第二重攻击。
闪击就像拉开幕布:一个棋子离开直线,露出身后的远程棋子发动打击。妙处在于,走开的那个棋子自己还能攻击第二个目标——一步棋,两记重拳。检查你的叠置组合:马或兵的身后站着象或车,透过它们瞄准对方值钱的东西。前面的棋子要跳到最有攻击性的格子——没有第二威胁的闪击损失一半威力。
唯一着法
其他任何一步都会输——找到唯一撑得住的那一步。
唯一着法:除了独一无二的那步棋,其余全输的局面。这里不能「顺手」下棋:把原则上不同的防守都过一遍——逃跑、垫挡、兑换、反击——再淘汰被驳倒的。这类题目的标志:显而易见的着法很快就输,而正解常常看起来古怪。先弄清威胁你的究竟是什么——那步唯一的防守自会现身。
升变竞赛
双方都在冲通路兵——凭一个先手赢下这场竞赛。
升变竞赛是两枚通路兵的赛跑:双方都往底线冲,谁先成后、或成后时带将军,谁就赢。识别特征:双方都有王追不上的深入通路兵。要一步一步、逐个节奏地算到升变为止。典型错误是花一个节奏走「有用」的闲着:在赛跑中,几乎任何不推兵的棋都输。
来源
源自 Lichess 题库(CC0)。
经 Stockfish 深度 20+ 验证。
解法强制性已确认(verified)。
题包 013
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