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牵制:车到d2

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Shuffle Rating 1591主题: 牵制:棋子一动,身后更有价值的目标就会暴露。
白方走棋——找出最佳续着

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战术主题

牵制:棋子一动,身后更有价值的目标就会暴露。

串击:有价值的棋子被迫离开,暴露出身后的棋子。

难度1591 ShuffleRating——俱乐部棋手水平。

白方走棋——找出最佳续着

How to recognize this tactic

A pin freezes a piece in front of a more valuable one behind it. Scan the ranks, files and diagonals your bishop, rook or queen controls: if an enemy piece cannot move without exposing its king or queen, it is pinned and can be piled on or bypassed.

A skewer is a pin reversed — the valuable piece stands in front and, when it moves, the piece behind falls. Line your rook, bishop or queen up against the king or queen and win whatever is hiding behind it.

General method: before you move, list the forcing candidates — every check, every capture, every direct threat — and calculate those first. The solution to a tactic is almost always among them.

棋盘上的局面

白方:王 h2, 后 c4, 车 b2, 兵 a2 f2 b3 h3。

黑方:王 g8, 后 d5, 车 d8, 兵 e4 g6 a7 b7 h7。

棋盘上有7枚白棋和8枚黑棋;该题局面出现在第38回合之后。

The position in numbers

Black are ahead by 1 points of material (18 against 19; pawn = 1, knight and bishop = 3, rook = 5, queen = 9) — the tactic has to convert or outweigh that.

The white king stands on h2, the black king on g8.

It is White to move on move 38, with 31 legal replies to weigh — only the line that keeps the advantage solves the puzzle.

White keeps 4 pawns, Black 5. Files fully open (no pawns of either colour): c, d — natural highways for the rooks and queen. Half-open for White: e, g.

The White king has 4 empty squares to step to right now — the fewer they are, the closer a mating net.

解答与讲解

主要变着

38. Rd2 Qxc4 39. Rxd8+ Kf7 40. bxc4

为何奏效

  • 好棋!车到d2保持压力(+6.5)。
  • 好棋!车到d8保持压力(+6.5)。
  • 好棋!兵到c4保持压力(+6.7)。
  • 你赢得一子——后。
  • 若改走Qxc4,则Rxd8+,你仍占优。

Move by move

  • 38. Rd2 — 车 to d2
  • Qxc4 — 后 to c4 (capture)
  • 39. Rxd8+ — 车 to d8 (capture) with check
  • Kf7 — 王 to f7
  • 40. bxc4 — 兵 to c4 (capture)

本题的题型

弃子攻击

舍弃子力,发动决定性的攻击。

弃子攻王:你有意送出子力,为的是掀开王城、发动决定性攻势。当你换来的是实实在在的资产——通向国王的开放线路、赢得的节奏、随时杀入的棋子——弃子才是正确的。识别特征:敌王掩体单薄,你的兵力对准他的老巢,而防守者远水难救近火。铁律是靠计算而不是靠指望:子力一旦送出,就再没有回头路。

简化

换掉重子,把局面导入赢定的残局。

简化是兑现优势的技术:兑掉后和车,你就掐灭了对方的反扑,把对局引入赢定的残局。规则简单:子力占优的一方兑子,但保兵。当子力已经赢到手、对手还在虚张声势时,就去找兑换。错误做法是回避兑后,任由对手用没完没了的威胁搅浑水。

串击

线路攻击逼走价值高的子,暴露出它身后的目标。

串击是反过来的牵制:贵重的棋子站在前面,便宜的躲在它身后。大子被迫让开——你就吃掉躲在它影子里的那个。搜寻与另一枚己方棋子同线(直线、横线或斜线)的敌方国王或后。最凶狠的版本带将军:国王一让开,它身后的车就没命了。

来源

源自 Lichess 题库(CC0)。

经 Stockfish 深度 20+ 验证。

解法强制性已确认(verified)。

题包 011

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